Color Formulation

Color device calibration: a mathematical formulation

The mathematical formulation of calibrating color image reproduction and recording devices is presented. This formulation provides a foundation for future research in areas of characterization of devices and display of color images. The importance of calibration is demonstrated by real examples. The procedure outlined in this paper should become standard for displaying color images for the imag...

Riemannian Formulation of the CIEDE2000 Color Difference Formula

The CIELAB based CIEDE2000 colour difference formula to measure small to medium colour differences is the latest standard formula of today which incorporates different corrections for the non uniformity of CIELAB space. It also takes account of parametric factors. In this paper, we present a mathematical formulation of the CIEDE2000 by the line element to derive a Riemannian metric tensor in a ...

Tenth Anniversary of the Plastics Color Formulation Tool

Since 1994 GE Plastics has employed a case-based reasoning tool that determines color formulas which match requested colors. This tool, called FormTool, has saved GE millions of dollars in productivity and material (i.e. colorant) costs. The technology developed in FormTool has been used to create an on-line color selection tool for our customers called ColorXpress Select. A customer innovation...

A horse of a different color: how formulation influences medication effects.

A medication's pharmacokinetic properties can be as important as its efficacy in determining how successful a treatment is. Formulation plays a critical role in absorption, distribution, and elimination of a drug, which in turn can influence the clinical profile of a medication, including onset and duration of action, consistency of plasma levels, ability to cross the blood-brain barrier, and o...

Iranian's color emotional dimensions